Recoil-operated firearm.



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n (Applation led Apr'. 27, 1901.) (No Model.)

I Sheetsheet 3.

' "/vVEA/w/ey A 1 =||I mi n v No. 699,955. Pafenfed 1an. I4, |902.I I `\3..A. Hoang. Recull, oPE'RATED'FmEARM.

(Application med A111927, 41901.)

QTNESSEg-I I l .l y *77%, Q 76.' Y l Blf VlinriTn-n STATES PATENT OFFICE.

`(urlOltGrIl A. HORNE, OF SYRACUSE, NEW YORK.

RE-OOlL-OPERTED FIREARIVI.

srnorricA'rIoN forming pare pf Letters Patent No. 690,955, dated January 14, 1 902.

Application filed April 27, 1901. VSerial No. 57,725. (No model.) i i To 1f/ZZ whom t nung/concern:

Beit known that LGEORGE A. I1oRNE,aciti zen of the United States, residing at Syracuse, in the county of Onondaga and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Recoil-Operated Firearms; andl do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as'will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the' saine. My invention is an improvement in recoiloperated guns; and it consists in the novel features hereinafter described, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate oneform in which I have contemplated embodying my invention, and said invention is fully disclosed in the following description and claims.

Referring to the said drawings, Figure 1 represents a side elevation of a gun embodying my invention, a portion of the barrel being broken away. Fig. 2 represents a horizontal section, drawn to an enlarged scale, through the lockframe, reciprocating barrel extension, breech-block, and barrel. Fig. 3 is la similar section taken through the lockframe and a portion of the magazine. Fig. 4 is a vertical section through the lockrframe, showing the barrel, barrel extension, and breech-block in their forward positions. Fig. 5 is a similar view showing the breech-block held back in its rear position,and the cartridge lifter with a cartridge in loading position. Fig. 6 is a vertical transverse section on line 6 6, Fig. 4. Fig. 7 is a similar section on line 7 7, Fig. 4. Fig. 8 isasimilar section on line 8 8, Fig. 4. Figs. 9 to 15 are details of parts of the mechanism. Fig. 16 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view of the barrel, magazine, and adjacent portions of the lock, the barrel and magazine being broken away. Fig. 17 is a section on line 17 17 of Fig. 16. Fig. 18 is a vertical sectional View of a portiolnof the lock-frame', taken at one side ofthe same. Fig. 19 shows a top plan and inner side elevation of the locking-bar for the trigger. Fig. 20is a horizontal sectional view of the breechblock in the inclined plane of the firing-pin. In the drawings, A represents the butt of the gun, and B the lock-frame. The side plates b b of thelock-frame (see Figs. 6, 7, and

8) are provided with grooved guides or ways b b', in which the barrel extension or slide C is mounted, so as to be capable of reciprocating therein, as hereinafter described.

D represents the barrel, which is screwed into or otherwise secured rigidly to the barrel extension C. The barrel D and barrel eX- tension C are thus arranged to be forced rearward in the frame by the recoil and are forced forward by springs, as hereinafter described.

E represents a magazine or tube, which is secured to the frame B below and parallel with the barrel. This tube E is screwed into the lower part of the forward end of the frame B, and a perforated plate e (see Fig. 14) is then placed over the tube and pressed against the end of the frame B, its upper end extending above the contiguous portion of the frame and being curved, as shown at c', to iit the under side of the barrel D. The plate c is held in position by a circular nut e2, (shown in detail in Fig. 15,) screwed upon the magazine or tube E, as shown in Figs. 4 and 5.

F represents a coiled spring which surrounds the 'magazine E and engages at its outer end a slidingcollar d, which is rigidly secured to the barrel D by a neck d'.

E represents a casing which surrounds the spring F and is provided on its upper side with a slot through'which the neck d of the ring d extends, said slot permitting the reciprocation of the barrel. The rear'end of the casing E fits over the circular nut e2, and its front end is secured by a cap or nut e3, which is screwed onto the magazine E and is provided with iianges e4 to engage the end of the casing E'.

Within` the magazine-tube E is a coiled spring E2 for forcing out the cartridges. This spring has its forward end bearing against the cap e2, and its rear end is provided with a y head e5, provided with an annular groove e6. At the rear end of the magazine-tube E and at the lower side of the saine is a spring-actuated pawl or detent e7, provided with a lug e8, to normally prevent the cartridges from being pushed rearward into the lock-frame, and with a lu g e9, extending horizontally rearward and adapted to be struck by the cartridgelifter, as hereinafter described, to depress the lug e8 and allow a cartridge to be forced out upon the lifter.

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Within the barrel extension C, before referred to,is a breech-block G,which is mounted to slide longitudinally therein and provided with one or more ribs g, engaging grooves in the barrel extension to prevent the breechblock from turning. This breech-block G carries the firing-pin g/, which is mounted in the block and provided with a spring g2, normally holding the pin in retracted position. The breech-block is also provided with means for holding it rigidly in said extension when the extension is in its forward position. In this instance the` breech-block is provided with two laterally-movable spring-actuated pawls g3 g3, which engage notches c c in the inner faces of the side walls of the extension C when the extension is in its forward position, as shown in Fig. 2. In order to prevent the firing-pin from being operated except after the block G is in its forward position and securely locked, I provide the pin with a recess g4, (see Fig. 20,) and I provide one of the pawls g3 with a pin g5, which will engage said notch and hold the firing-pin from forward movement at all times except when the breech-block G is in its forward position and the pawls g3 g3 have moved outward to engage the recesses c c in the barrel extension.

The rear face of the lock-frame B is provided with a cushion-plate B, of wood, soft metal, or other suitable material, against which the barrel extension and breech-block strike when the recoil takes place, and it is further provided with two horizontal arms b2 b2, having bevel ends which are arranged so that they will strike and press inward the pawls g3 g3 when the barrel extension moves rearwardly under the action of the recoil, so as to release the breech-block G from engagement with the barrel extension C.

B2 represents a spring-latch pivoted at the upper end of the rear face of the lock-frame in position to engage a projection or lug gG and lock the breech-block G in its rearward position until the latch is released, as hereinafter described.

H represents the cartridge-lifter. (Shown indetailin Figs. l2 and 13.) This device consists of a thin steel arm or lever H, pivoted 'at h in the lock-frame at the rear end of the same adjacent to one side and extending forward to a point in rear of the magazine,where it is provided with a spoon h, pivotally connected to the lever H at h2 and limited in its movement by a pin 71? on the lever H engaging a slot in a part of the spoon, as shown in Fig. l2. The rear end of the spoon h is provided with a stop-lug h4 to'limit the rearward movement of the cartridges when they are fed onto it from the magazine. The lever H is provided with a cam portion h5, which is engaged by the barrel extension C when it moves rearward,thereby depressing the lifterlever, which is raised by a spring 77.6 engaging said lever adjacent to its point of pivoting h.

I represents a vertically-movable pin arranged in an inclined bore or recess in the rear wall of the frame B and having its lower end resting on the lever H and its upper end beneath the latch B2. When the lifter-lever II rises under the action of its spring, it will push the pin I upward and lift the latch B2 from engagement with the lug g6 of the block G, thus permitting the breech-block G to move forward into its normal position within the barrel extension C. The power to force the breech-block G forward is supplied by the following-described mechanism.

To the rear end of breech-block G is pivoted the forward end of a push-bar K, which extends rearward through the lock-frame into a recess in the stock, where it passes through a guide 7c. (See Fig. l.) The bar K is provided with a collar 7c', rigidly secured thereto, and with a spiral spring k2, encircling the bar between the collar 7o' and guide 7c. This spring actuates the breech-block G through the push-bar K. I also provide means for drawing back the bar K and compressing the spring k2 by hand when desired. This meeh- .anism consists of a lever KQ connected by a link or links 7c3 to the push-bar K. To operate the push-bar K by hand, the operator will grasp the lever KQ which normally lies up snug against the under side of the stock, and draw it down into the position shown in dotted lines, Fig. l, thus drawing back the push-bar, together with the breech-block G, barrel extension C, and barrel D, and compressing the spring 7a2.

Ti represents the hammer, pivoted in the lock-frame; Z, the scar; Z, the trigger, provided with a pivoted trip-piece Z2, having a lug on which the rear end of the scar normally rests. The trip-piece is held normally in vertical position by the spring Z3. The rear end of the barrel extension C is provided with afriction-roll c', which rides over the front face of the hammer L and forces it back into cocked position against its mainspring Z4, the sear heilig forced into locking engagement with the hammer by the spring Z5. The object of the trip-piece is to prevent the sear from failing to catch the hammer in case the operator should continue to hold the trigger back after firing the gun. The barrel extension C is provided with a rearwardlyextending trip-bar c2 in line with the trippiece Z2, adapted to hit said trip-piece and disengage it from the sear before the roll c passes off of the hammer. This releases the sear whether the operatorl has his finger still on the trigger or not, and the sear is thus always ready to catch and lock the hammer. When the operator releases the trigger, the trip-piece will be drawn down until its lug passes beneath the end of the scar, when the trigger is in position to release the hammer again.

I also provide mechanism t-o prevent the trigger from being pulled prematurely before the parts have been restored to normal positions after iiring.

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M represents a locking-bar which has its rear end pivoted to the trigger. (See Fig. 5.) This bar has a slot m formed in it, which in this instance engages the pivot-pin of the sear. The forward end ot' the locking-bar is provided on its inner side with a curved slot 'm'. The hammer L is provided with a pin Z6, which normally lies beneath the locking-bar Mwhen the hammer is cocked, so that the hammer cannot drop even if the sear were to be released.

N represents a rod pivotally mounted in a recess in the side wall of the lock-frame and having an inwardly-extending lug n, which normally lies in front of the end of the locking-bar M, so as to prevent its being moved forward by the trigger.

The barrel extension C is provided with a vertically-movable pin O, (see Fig. 6,) having its upper end beveled and adapted to be engaged by one of the pawls g3 when it slips outward into locking engagementwith its recess c. This pin O is provided witha spring o, which presses it upward, and its lower end rests upon the bar N. Hence when the parts are in position for firing, the pawl g3, just referred to, will have depressed the pin O and the barrN, and thus moved the lug rt out of the path of the locking-bar M. lf now the trigger is pulled, the bar M will be moved forward, so as to bring the slot or recess 'm' over the pin Z6 at the same vtime that the sear is released, thus allowing the hammer to fly and strike the firing-pin.

The lock-frame B is provided on the righthand side with an ejector-aperture B3 on a level with the barrel, through which a cartridge may -be inserted, as hereinafter described, and a second aperture B4 for the same purpose on a line with the magazine, the latter being provided with a spring-actuated closing-plate B5.

The operation of the gun will be as follows: Supposin g the gun to be unloaded, the operator will seize the lever K' and force back the push-bar K, thus drawing back the breechblock G, barrel extension C, and barrel D and compressing the spring k2. As the parts are drawn back the barrel extension C will engage the cam portion h5 on the cartridge-lifter and'depress the lifter. At the same time the breech-block G will be locked in its rear position by the latch B2, while the barrel extension G will be released by the engagement of the arms b2 b2 with pawls g3 g2, and the spring F will cause the barrel extension and barrel to fly back to their forward positions. The magazine is 'supposed to be empty, and when the cartridge lifter is depressed, as above described, its spoon will strike the lug e9 and move downward the detent el, which will allow the head e5 of the spring E2 to project out over the end of the spoon and hold the lifter in its lowest position. Tle parts are shown in this position in Fig. 4. A cartridge may now be inserted through the aperture B3 and pressed into the barrel or laid upon the spoonof the cartridge-lifter. In order to release the cartridge-lifter, it is necessary to push Ithe head c5 into the magazine, and to do this l employ a button P, (shown in Fig. 6,) which has a stem extending through a horizontal slot in the lock-frame and provided with a spring p. The inner end of the stem is provided with a catch, which when the button Pis pushed in engages the groove eG in the head e5, and by pushing the button horizontally along its slot the head e5v can be pushed into the magazine far enough to be held by the lug es on the detent e7. The cartridge-lifter will now rise under the action of its spring into the position shown in Fig. 5, when the pin I will be pressed upward and will release the latch B2, thus permitting the spring k2 to force the breech-blockG forward into the barrel extension C. If the cartridge has been previously placed on the spoon of the cartridge-lifter, as shown in Fig. 5, the forward movement of the breech-block G will push the cartridge into the barrel, and the block will -then be automatically locked to `'the barrel extension C by the pawls g3 g3, as

before described. The proper number of cartridges may now be placed in the magazine by inserting them through the aperture B4 and pushing them into the lmagazine until caught by the detent e7. The gun beingloaded, if it is fired the recoil will force back the barrel, barrel extension, and breech-block, as will be readily seen, thus forcing down the cartridgelifter, the spoon of which will trip the detent e7 and receive a cartridge from the magazine.

vThe rearward movement of the parts will cause the breech-block G to release the barrel extension C and to lock itself by means of the latch B2. The barrel extension and barrel will then fly forward again, thus releasing the cartridge-lifter, which rises with its cartridge, thus releasing the breech-block G by raising the latch B2, rlhe breech-block is then forced forward by the spring k2 and forces the cartridge into the barrel and locks itself in the barrel extension, when the gun is ready to fire again.

I also provide means for ej ecting the empty shells through the ejector-aperture B3, con- IIO sisting of the following parts: The forward Vend of the breech-block G is provided witha spring-extractor R on the side adjacentthe aperture B3 and on the other side with an ejector R', having a slight movement longitudinally permitted by a slot through which its securing-screw passes, both clips being constructed to engage the rim of the cartridge.

,The ejector R projects beyond the breechblock G and engages a groove in the inner wall of the barrel extension G, which groove terminates in a shoulder fr. When the parts move backward by the recoil and the breechblock G is locked by the latch B2, the barrel extension C is released and moved forward with the barrel. As the extractor R and ejector R' hold the rim of the cartridge the latter is drawn out of the barrel as the barrel moves forward. As the barrel extension nearlyreaches its forward position the shoulder r, before referred to, strikes the ejector R with a sharp blow, thus ejecting the cartridge sidewise through the ejector-aperture B3.

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. In a recoil-operated rearm, the combination with the lock-frame, the reciprocating barrel extension and barrel, and the breechblock adapted to reciprocate with respect to said barrel extension, of a latch pivoted to the frame and adapted to engage said breechblock, a cartridge-lifter, pivotally mounted in said frame, and having acam part adapted to be engaged by said barrel extension, a vertically-disposed trip-pin, interposed between said cartridge-lifter and said latch, whereby the upward movement of the cartridge-lifter will lift said latch and release said breech-block, substantially as described.

2. In a recoil-operated iirearm, the combination with the lock-frame, the reciprocating barrel extension and barrel, and the breechblock having a sliding movement in said barrel extension, of a pivoted cartridge-lifter, provided with a cam portion adapted to be engaged by said barrel extension to depress the lifter, a spring forraising said lifter, a cartridge magazine, a detent adjacent to the discharge end of the magazine, having a part in the path of the cartridge-lifter, a spring in said magazine provided with a head adapted to pass said detent, and engage the cartridgelifter, and an auxiliary device for moving said spring-head out of engagement with the cartridge-lifter, substantially as described.

3. In a recoil-operated rearm, the combination with the lock-frame, the reciprocating barrel extension and barrel, and the breechblock having a sliding movement in said barrel extension, of a pivoted cartridge-lifter, provided with a cam portion, adapted to be engaged by said barrel extension to depress the lifter, a spring for raising said lifter, a cartridge-magazine, a detent adjacent to the discharge'end of the magazine, having a part in the path of the cartridge-lifter, a spring in said magazine provided with a head adapted to pass said detent, and engage the cartridgelifter and an auxiliary, inwardly and longitudinally movable device normally out of engagement with the spring-head but capable of being pressed inwardly to engage said head and moved longitudinally of the gun to move said head out of engagement with the cartridge-lifter, substantially as described.

4. In a recoil-operated firearm, the combination with the lock-frame, the barrel extension and barrel, and the breech-block movable with respect to said barrel extension, of laterally-movable spring-actuated pawls carried by said breech-block, and adapted to engage the barrel extension, a ring-pin in said breech-block, provided with a locking-recess, and a locking device secured to one of said pawls, and adapted to engage said lockingrecess, when the pawl is retracted to lock the firing-pin, substantially as described.

5. In a recoil-operated firearm, the combination with the lock-frame, the barrel extension and barrel and the breech-block carrying the iiring-pin, of the trigger, the sear, a trip-piece pivoted to the trigger and provided with a part for engaging and operating the sear, and a part connected with the barrel extension for engaging said trip-piece and disengaging it from the sear, substantially as described.

6. In a recoil-operated rearm, the combination with the lock-frame, the barrel extension, and barrel and the breech-block carrying the firing-pin, of the hammer, the Sear, the trigger, a trip-piece pivoted to the trigger and provided with a part for engaging and operating the Sear, a part connected with the barrel extension for engaging and cocking` the hammer during the rearward movement and a part connected to said barrel extension, and extending in rear of the hammer-engaging part, for engaging the trippiece and throwing it out of engagement with the sear before the hammer is fully cocked, substantially as described.

7. In a recoil-operated firearm, the combination with the lock-frame, the barrel extension and barrel, and the breech-block having an independent movement with respect to the barrel extension, of the hammer, provided with a locking projection, the trigger,

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a locking-bar pivoted thereto lying normally above the said locking projection, and provided with a recess for the passage of the said locking projection, said recess being normally out of line with the said projection, a movable device for preventing the movement of said locking-bar, and tripping mechanism for said movable device, operated by the breech-block substantially as described.

8. In a recoil-operated firearm, the combination with the lock-frame, the barrel extension and barrel, and the breech-block movable longitudinally with respect to said barrel extension, of a locking-pawl carried by said breech-block for engaging said barrel extension and locking the breech-block therein,

the hammer, provided with a locking projection, the trigger, a locking-bar pivoted to the trigger and provided with a recess for the passage of the said locking projection, nor-4 mally out of line with said projection, a movable device having a part in the path of said locking-bar, a trip-pin for moving said part out of the path of the locking-bar, said pin having one end in position to be operated by the pawl on said breech-block, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I afx my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

GEORGE A. IIORNE. Witnesses:

B. GUTSTADT, ELIsHA L. FREEMAN.

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